Question:
Define Memory Units?
Answer:
Memory unit is:
- The amount of data that can be stored in the storage unit.
- That in which storage capacity is expressed in terms of Bytes.
Following are the main memory
storage units:
Sr.No.
|
Unit
|
Description
|
1
|
Bit (Binary Digit)
|
A binary digit is logical 0 and 1
representing a passive or an active state of a component in an electric
circuit.
|
2
|
Nibble
|
A group of 4 bits is called
nibble.
|
3
|
Byte
|
A group of 8 bits is called byte.
A byte is the smallest unit which can represent a data item or a character.
|
4
|
Word
|
A computer word, like a byte, is a
group of fixed number of bits processed as a unit which varies from computer
to computer but is fixed for each computer.
The length of a computer word is
called word-size or word length and it may be as small as 8 bits or may be as
long as 96 bits. A computer stores the information in the form of computer
words.
|
Question: Define Bits, Bytes, KB, MB,
TB, PB and So on memory sizes?
Answer:
Sr.No.
|
Unit
|
Description
|
1
|
Bit
|
Memory Smallest Unit
|
2
|
Byte (B)
|
1 Byte = 8 Bit
|
3
|
Kilobyte (KB)
|
1 KB = 1024 Bytes
|
4
|
Megabyte (MB)
|
1 MB = 1024 KB
|
5
|
GigaByte (GB)
|
1 GB = 1024 MB
|
6
|
TeraByte (TB
|
1 TB = 1024 GB
|
7
|
PetaByte (PB)
|
1 PB = 1024 TB
|
8
|
ExaByte(EB)
|
1 EB = 1024 PB
|
9
|
ZettaByte(ZB)
|
1ZB = 1024 EB
|
Question: Explain Input/ Output
Devices?
Answer:
Keyboard: In
computing, a computer keyboard is a typewriter-style device, which uses
an arrangement of buttons or keys, to act as mechanical levers or electronic
switches. Following the decline of punch cards and paper tape, interaction via teleprinter-style
keyboards became the main input device for computers.
Mouse:
In computing, a mouse is a pointing device that detects two-dimensional
motion relative to a surface. This motion is typically translated into the
motion of a pointer on a display, which allows for fine control of a graphical
user interface.
Printer: A
printer is a peripheral which makes a persistent human readable
representation of graphics or text on paper or similar physical media. The two
most common printer mechanisms are black and white laser printers used for
common documents, and colour inkjet printers which can produce high quality
photograph quality output.
Joystick: A
joystick is an input device consisting of a stick that pivots on a base
and reports its angle or direction to the device it is controlling. A joystick,
also known as the control column, is the principal control device in the
cockpit of many civilian and military aircraft, either as a center stick or side-stick.
It often has supplementary switches to control various aspects of the
aircraft's flight.
Image Scanner:
An image scanner—often abbreviated to just scanner, although the
term is ambiguous out of context (barcode scanner, CAT scanner, etc.)—is a
device that optically scans images, printed text, handwriting, or an object,
and converts it to a digital image.
Barcode Reader:
A barcode reader (or barcode scanner) is an electronic device
that can read and output printed barcodes to a computer. Like a flatbed scanner,
it consists of a light source, a lens and a light sensor translating optical
impulses into electrical ones.
Microphone: A
microphone, colloquially mic or mike is an acoustic-to-electric
transducer or sensor that converts sound into an electrical signal.
Electromagnetic transducers facilitate the conversion of acoustic signals into
electrical signals.
Optical
character recognition (OCR) is the mechanical or electronic
conversion of images of typed, handwritten or printed text into machine-encoded
text. It is widely used as a form of data entry from printed paper data
records, whether passport documents, invoices, bank statements, computerized
receipts, business cards, mail, printouts of static-data, or any suitable
documentation.
Magnetic Ink Character
Recognition Code (MICR Code)
is a character-recognition technology used mainly by the banking industry to
ease the processing and clearance of cheques and other documents.
A
light pen is a computer input device in the form of a light-sensitive
wand used in conjunction with a computer's CRT display. It allows the user to
point to displayed objects or draw on the screen in a similar way to a touch screen
but with greater positional accuracy.
A
digital camera or digicam is a camera that encodes digital images
and videos digitally and stores them for later reproduction. Most cameras sold
today are digital.
Computer
speakers, or multimedia speakers, are speakers
external to a computer,that disable the lower fidelity built-in speaker. They
often have a low-power internal amplifier.
Question:
What are storage devices?
Answer:
A piece of computer equipment on which information can be stored.
A
CD-ROM is a pre-pressed optical compact disc which contains data.
The name is an acronym which stands for "Compact Disc Read-Only
Memory". Computers can read CD-ROMs, but cannot write to CD-ROMs
which are not writable or erasable.
Hard
disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive
or fixed disk is a data storage device used for storing and retrieving digital
information using one or more rigid ("hard") rapidly rotating disks (platters)
coated with magnetic material.
DVD
("digital versatile disc" or "digital video disc") is a
digital optical disc storage format, invented and developed by Philips, Sony,
Toshiba, and Panasonic in 1995.
A
USB flash drive, also known under a variety of other names, is a data
storage device that includes flash memory with an integrated Universal Serial
Bus (USB) interface.
Memory
Stick is a removable flash memory
card format, launched by Sony in October 1998, and is also used in general to
describe the whole family of Memory Sticks.
